Most motorists will neither care nor give a damn about these facts. Too bad.
My daily fitness walks take me right up to the sidewalk vs. street border of
the 5 Corners intersection in Essex Junction, Vt. Walkers like me get to breath
all this “stuff” as we do our thing, burning calories not a fossil fuel, aka
gasoline.
Vehicle emissions are created from the incomplete combustion of gasoline or
diesel. Other factors such as emission controls, engine design, and vehicle
maintenance may affect vehicle emissions.
Vehicles emit many pollutants into the air, including carbon monoxide,
carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and volatile
organic compounds. These pollutants then combine to form secondary pollutants
such as fine particulate matter and ozone. While emissions from an individual
vehicle may be minimal compared to an industrial source, emissions from many
vehicles on the road at one time can have a serious impact on air quality.
Pollutants emitted from vehicles can lead to poor visibility and health
problems such as asthma and respiratory illness. Pollutants also can damage
buildings and affect the quality of water resources.
Under the Clean Air Act, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has
set protective health-based standards for ozone and other pollutants in the air
we breathe. Failure to meet the ozone and other standards over a period of time
can result in an area being designated
nonattainment by EPA. States
strive to achieve attainment with the standards to ensure that public health is
protected, promote economic growth, avoid the potential loss of federal highway
funding, and preclude the time and cost required to develop and implement plans
to re-attain attainment status. Learn more.
The most effective way to reduce
emissions from your vehicle is to use it less.
- Ride the bus, carpool, and share trips to reduce the
number of cars emitting pollutants. If possible, choose nonpolluting
travel such as walking or biking.
- Reduce commuting. Choose to live close to your work.
- Organize a carpool at your work. Call 345-POOL for
help.
- Combine trips to the same areas. Once you arrive, park
your car and walk between destinations.
- Avoid driving during peak traffic hours or in
stop-and-go traffic.
All cars emit some pollutants;
poorly maintained cars emit the most. A properly tuned car runs better, gets
better gas mileage, and pollutes less.
- Get regular tune-ups. Vehicles with worn spark plugs or
clogged fuel or air filters do not run efficiently and emit more
pollution.
- Keep tires properly inflated and wheels aligned to
reduce tire drag on the road. Gas mileage drops 1% for every pound below
the recommended level of pressure.
- Do not top off the gas tank. This allows harmful
chemicals to escape into the air.
The harder your engine works, the
more gas it burns, and the more tailpipe emissions you create.
- Avoid carrying unneeded items. Each extra 100 pounds
increases the amount of gas used by 4%.
- Place items inside the vehicle instead of on roof
racks. Remove roof racks when not in use. The wind drag from a rack
increases gas consumption by almost 1 mile per gallon.
- Drive at a medium speed. Most cars get the best gas
mileage between 35 and 45 miles per hour.
- Drive at a steady speed. Avoid stop-and-go traffic and
take it easy on the brake and gas pedals.
- Use the air conditioner only when necessary. Air
conditioners can reduce your gas mileage by 20%.
- Avoid long idles at drive-up windows or when waiting.
Restarting a warm engine takes less fuel than letting it run for just 30
seconds.
- During hot summer months, fuel vehicles in the evening
to facilitate dissipation of volatile organic compounds that contribute to
ozone formation.